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2023-12-01
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LA RADIO VOTA. ESTUDIO DE LA COBERTURA DE RADIO NA-CIONAL DE ESPAÑA DURANTE LAS ELECCIONES GENERALES DE 1977. EL CASO DE ‘DIÁLOGOS POLÍTICOS’
Dr. Samuel GARCÍA-GIL
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48047/fjc.27.01.15
Abstract
El 15 de junio de 1977, España celebró sus primeras elecciones democráticas en cuatro décadas. Aunque el Gobierno de Adolfo Suárez decretó la libertad de expresión para los medios de comunicación, el monopolio radiofónico de la información nacional e internacional seguía en manos de la red oficial, Radio Nacional de España (RNE). Esta investigación analiza la cobertura de RNE de aquellos comicios, mediante los espacios de propaganda electoral y, en particular, la serie de entrevistas ‘Diálogos políticos’ –mitida en precampaña–. Para ello, se consultan fuentes hemerográficas (ABC, El País, Tele-Radio, Archivo Linz), sonoras (grabaciones del Fondo Documental de RNE) y personales (entrevista semiestructurada a Alfonso Diez), además de aplicar una ficha de análisis sobre los 24 capítulos de ‘Diálogos políticos’ para determinar los temas más frecuentes del cuestionario y su posible correlación con la posición ideológica de cada entrevistado. Los resultados revelan la presencia de candidatos de todo el arco ideológico antes y durante la campaña, si bien ‘Diálogos políticos’ aportaba particularidades como una mayor flexibilidad en el tiempo y elección de invitados, cuestionarios transversales y, aun asumiendo la ausencia de los partidos nacionalistas y del propio presidente Suárez, un panorama general introductorio del clima preelectoral para sus oyentes.
